Liquid-fuel burner



J. GOOD.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

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INVENTOR NEY Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

UNITED STATES PATENT' oFi-ici-z.

JOHN GOOD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GOOD INVENTION S CO., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN GOOD, a Unite States citizen, residing in Brooklyn, New York, have invented the following described Im rovements in Liquid-Fuel Burners.

he invention is an improvement in liquid fuel burners, capable of operation b electric motor or other power source and a apted to give prompt and rapid heat development by combustion in enclosed passages, being s ecially suited for electric ignition and or producing intense and complete combustion in pipes and tubes of narrow cross section. The invention also includes the method of combining the fuel and air components of the combustible mixture.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a general side elevation with the burner casing in longitudinal section, of a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross section showing the drive motor in elevation; and

Fig. 3 is a top plan.

The burner casing l is formed as a structural part of a fan casing 2, containing a r0- tary fan or impeller 3, directly mounted onthe shaft of an electric motor 4. The air entrance to the fan casing is formed as a Venturi tube 5 of moderate throat diameter, and a liquid fuel nozzle 6 projects into the throat thereof so as to be subject to the pressure depression caused by the suction flow to the fan. The fuel liquid is supplied to the nozzle 6 from a constant level liquid supply chamber 7 which in the present case is Hoat controlled. The liquid level in this chamber is in such relation to the nozzle orifice as to cause an adequate discharge from the nozzle and such dischar e is subject to adjustment by the needle vave 8, as customary in carbureters for internal combustion engines. The fuel nozzle and Venturi tube constitute a fuel measuring or proportioning device. The proportions are so adjusted as to admit the fuel required in explosive proportions to the air entering the fan casing, but the said fuel and air are not necessarily mixed intimately together s o as to constitute an explosive mixture. The fan casing delivers tangentially into the burner casing 1, which contains a perforated air-distributing shell 9, a plug or electric ignition device 10, and a fuel nozzle 11, and the interior of the shell is in communication through the adjustable collar 12, with the llame tube '13, in which the combustion is 9 substantially coincident with its central longitudinal axis. By reason of the previous atomization of the fuel liquid as well as its contact with the high speed impeller, it enters the burner shell in a more or less pulverized and atomized condition. The air, with some fuel vapor or fine suspended fuel particles in it, is orced by the impeller into the space between the shell 9 and the casing 1, whence it passes to the interior of the shell through the perforations therein and into the flame tube 13, through the narrow annular crevice between the end of the shell and the collar 12 above referred to. The igniter 10 is screwed into the casing 1 and shell 9, so that the spark gap between its electrodes is close to or intercepts the spray from the nozzle 11 and ignites it before such spray mixes with the inflowing air mixture from the holes in the distributing shell and from the annular crevice at the collar 12 and so that such air mixture is thereby caused to combustibly combine with the ignited spray.

It will thus be seen that according to this invention the fuel and air to be combustibly united are first mixed together as they are proportioned and as they approach the combustion chamber, and as they enter the latter, the mixture is separated into' rich and lean portions, the rich portion being delivered as spray to the point where the igniting spark is located and the lean portion being then allowed to mix with the other. Such distribution into rich and lean portions facilitates ignition and also assures continuons, i. e., non-explosive, and clean-burning combustion following ignition,-a result which is not readily attained if it be attempted to igniteV and burn a mixture which has already become homogeneously mixed, for if a current of homogeneous mixture of fuel and air in explosive proportions which pro ortions are necessary for clean an effective urning) be ignited, the combustion will beexplosive and unsatisfactory, and if such a mixture should be made momentarily over-rich so as to perinit ignition and prevent explosion, the subsequent necessary restoration of the mixture to normal (explosive) 4clean-burning proportions will then again result in explosive, or popping, combustion, but by dividing or separating the mixture into lean and rich portions as above described, these difficulties are avoided and irrespective of the method ofi ition the combustion will be non-explosive. My invention broadl comprehends this method of igniting and urning liquid fuel in confined spaces without limitation to the specific mechanism used for putting it into effect. Moreover, by such distribution of the fuel and air, the combustion which follows ignition is not only continuous or non-explosive but is articularly efficient because the air part ofp the mixture is already impregnated with some of the fuel, as above explained, and the ultimate mixture or chemical union of all of the fuel with all of the air (constituting the combustion) is thereby hastened.

The drive motor 4 is adapted to rotate the fan impeller at a high velocity, say 800() to 9000 R. P. M., and is connected in the circuit of a battery which also includes the primary of a spark coil and an appropriate interrupter therefor, in this case mounted on the motor shaft as indicated at 15. The secondary of the spark coil is connected to the spark plu in the usual Way, and a controlling switc 16 is rovided to close the battery circuit to bot the plug and the motor,

so that combustion is immediately established by the mere closin of that switch, as will now be apparent. he spark plug may continue in action while the device is in operation but is not necessary after combustion is once started.

Claims:

1. The method of obtaining steady combustion of liquid fuel in a confined passage,

which consists in producing a mixture of atomized liquid fuel and air, causing such mixture to separate into lean and rich portions, and igniting and mixing said portions within the passage.

2. The method of obtaining ignition and non-explosive combustion of liquid fuel in a confined passage, which consists in producing a mixture of fuel liquid and air in controlled proportions, causing such mixture to separate by centrifugal effect into lean and rich portions and igniting and combining said portions Within the passage.

3. The method of obtaining steady combustion of liquid fuel in a confined passage, which consists in producin a mixture of liquid fuel and air in pre etermined proportions, delivering such mixture to an ignition chamber in said passage and while in transit thereto causing said mixture to separate into rich and lean portions, operating an igniter in said space to start combustion and mixing said portions while burning.

4. The method of obtaining combustion in confined passages which consists in causing a suction-induced air current to inspirate and mix with a predetermined proportion of liquid fuel, causing said mixture to separate into rich and lean portions, and mixing said portions while burning.

5. A method of burning liquid fuel which consists in first mixing the liquid fuel and air in proportions to give complete combustion, separating the richer portion of f themixture from the leaner, separately discharging said two portions into a burner casing and there igniting and burning the same.

6. A method of burning liquid fuel which consists in first mixing liquid fuel and air in proportions to give complete combustion, separatin the richer portion from the leaner, discharging the two ortions into a vburner casing, igniting the richer portion, and after ignition mixing the leaner p0rtion therewith to support and complete the combustion.

7. A method of burning liquid fuel consisting in predetermined proportions of liquid fuel and air to produce complete combustion, delivering the greater part of the fuel as a liquid spray into a burner casing, coincidently delivering air containing the remainder of the fuel 1n suspension through a separate entrance into said casing and 100 into mixing relation to the liquid spray therein and igniting the resulting mixture in the casing.

8. Apparatus for the ignition and combustion of liquid fuel comprisin means for 105 producing a mixture of liquid uel and air in predetermined controlled proportions, means whereby said mixture is separated into lean and rich portions, an ignition and mixing space receiving the mixture in its 110 separated condition and an electric igniter having its spark located at a point in said space where the mixture is in said separated condition. p

9. Apparatus for the ignition and com- 115 bustion of liquid fuel, comprising a fuel nozzle and coacting Venturi air tube for producing a mixture of liquid fuel and air, means for causing said mixture to separate into lean and rich portions, an ignition 120 space receiving the mixture in its separated condition and an electric igniter having its heat source located at a point in said space where said separated condition is maintained.

10. In a liquid fuel burner, a rotary impeller in a casing having ,a suction inlet air passage, and a source of fuel li uid havingmeans for deliverin liquid fue in proportion to the suction e ect in said passage,

c ceivin` in combination with a burner the air and fuel liqui liquid fuel burner comprising a rotary impeller in a casin having a suction inlet air passage, a liqui fuel source having its delivery controlled by the suction effect. in said air passage, in combination with a burner passage receiving the air and fuel liquid and means for ignitlng the same within said passage.

12. A liquid fuel burner comprising a rotary air impeller in a casing having a fuel liquid source subject v to the effect of the air ovv to the impeller and adapted to deliver liquid fuel in :proportion to such flow, in combination with an enclosed burner passage receiving said fuel and air, an electric igniter in said passage, anvelectric motor to drive the impeller, and aj single electric control means for coincidently actuating the igniter and motor.

13. A liquid fuel burner comprising a rotary impeller in a casing and an ignition lpassage re- 11'.

and mixing space and distributing chamber respectively communicating through separate passages with saidfimpeller casing.

14. Apparatus for' the combustion of liquid fuel, comprising means for producing and maintaining a current How of mixed air and atomized fuel"in proportions suited for complete combustion, means for causing said mixture to se arabe by centrifugal effect into rich and can portions, ,an electric igniter having its spark or heat source in iga niting relation to the rich portion and a.

flame passage in which said portions are combustibly combined.

15. Apparatus for the combustion of liquid fuel, comprising suction means for producing a fiowingmixture of air and atomized fuel, means for causing such mixture to separate into rich and lean portions, a member adapted to direct the rich portion to a I point of ignition an igniter co'acting therewith and means or conducting the lean orti'on into combustible relation to the ignitedl to orm a spray, and means for conducting and distributing the lean portion into mixture with said spray.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this' specification.

JOHN GOOD.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,413,113, grantod April 18, 1922, upon the application of John Good, of Brooklyn, New York, for an improvement in "Liquid-Fuel Burners, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 94, claim 7, for the word "predetermined" read predetermining; same page, lines 127 and 128, claim 10, for the words suction inlet air passage read sutm air 'inlet passage; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the of the case in the Patent Oce.

Signed and sealed this 30th day of May, A. D., 1922.

[sulla] KARL FENNING,

Acting Gomvssizer o`f Patents. 

